Which statement best describes consent when treating minors?

• A. Minor assent alone is sufficient for treatment; parental involvement is unnecessary.
• B. Parental or guardian consent is required for treatment; minor assent may be obtained as appropriate.
• C. Minor consent is not required for treatment.
• D. Consent is only needed if the minor requests treatment.

Answer: (C)

Consent for treating a minor is provided by a parent or guardian, not the minor alone. The minor is typically asked for assent—an agreement to participate in treatment—reflecting their growing autonomy, but it does not replace the legal requirement for parental or guardian consent. This structure protects the minor while recognizing the parents’ or guardians’ responsibility to make medical and welfare decisions.

There are limited exceptions where a minor may consent on their own, such as in certain mature-minor or emancipated-minor situations or for specific services allowed by law. In general practice, you obtain the parent’s or guardian’s permission before starting treatment and involve the minor in the process to the extent appropriate for their age and understanding.